Diabetes Epidemiology Study

Global Diabetes Epidemiology Study

Diabetes Study Objective:

To determine the prevalence and incidence of diabetes among individuals in a defined population. This objective outlines the primary aim of the study, which is to establish the frequency of diabetes within a specific age group and geographic area, while also seeking to understand potential factors contributing to its development. Adjustments can be made based on the study's scope, available data, and specific research questions of interest.

Diabetes Study USP:

• This epidemiological study on diabetes stands out due to its comprehensive approach in establishing precise prevalence rates, identifying novel risk factors, and exploring geographical variations in a diverse population.

• By integrating advanced imaging techniques with robust statistical analyses, the study aims to provide actionable insights to identify treatment opportunities, target population, and an overview on public health initiatives aimed at mitigating the impact of diabetes related health problems.

• Through meticulous data collection and rigorous methodology, the study not only contributes to the scientific understanding of diabetes but also serves as a foundation for future research events and healthcare policymaking in addressing this increasing diabetes cases.

Diabetes related Study Overview:

The study defines diabetes as an advanced form of disease. The significance of studying obesity epidemiology is due to its increasing prevalence in different age populations.

Diabetes Study Design:

Population: The target population and the sampling method (e.g., random sampling from healthcare registries or population databases)

Data Collection: Detail methods for identifying acne cases (e.g., clinical examination) and demographic data (age, sex, ethnicity).

Diabetes Epidemiological Parameters:

Prevalence: Prevalence rates considered per 1,000 or 10,000 population.

Incidence: Determine annual incidence rates per 1,000 person-years.

Risk Factors: Analyse associations between obesity and potential risk factors (e.g., age, smoking, genetics).

Geographical Variations: Compare prevalence or incidence rates across different regions or countries.

Diabetes study summary:

Diabetes study summarizes the prevalence, incidence, possible risk factors, and geographic variations of the diabetes worldwide.

Diabetes Disease overview:

Diabetes is amongst a common chronic, metabolic disease that is characterised by increased levels of blood glucose (sugar) which can cause complications such as damage to heart, eyes, and kidney. For people suffering with diabetes access to treatment which is affordable including insulin is majorly important for survival.

Diabetic patients are classified into 3 wide categories including type 1 diabetes mellitus which is caused due to deficiency in insulin absolute or near absolute. Type 2 diabetes mellitus which is characterised by insulin resistance with not adequate compensatory increase in insulin secretion. Gestational diabetes is developed in women in pregnancy.

The most common is type 2 diabetes occurring usually in adults, when body becomes resistant to insulin or don’t produce insulin in enough quantity. Type 1 diabetes is also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin dependent diabetes, where pancreas don’t make or make very less insulin.

According to WHO the prevalence of diabetes in last 3 decades, has increased in all income level countries. Moreover, many organisations have set target to stop the further rise in diabetes and obesity by 2025. Worldwide around 830 million people have diabetes, majority in low- and middle-income countries, with more than half not getting treatment. 14% of adults in age 18 years and older were suffering with diabetes, an increase from 7% in 1990 in 2022. In addition, in 2021 1.6 million deaths were due to diabetes, 47% occurred before 70 years of age. 5,30,000 were kidney disease deaths caused due to diabetes, and 11 % of cardiovascular deaths due to high blood glucose levels.

Lowest prevalence was observed in western Europe and East Africa for both males and females and in Japan and Canada for women. Prevalence was observed to be highest in countries like Polynesia and Micronesia, some countries in the Caribbean and the Middle East as well as Pakistan and Malaysia. Estimated people with diabetes in rural areas was 176.6 million and in urban areas 360 million with 8.3% and 12.1% prevalence rates. No for urban areas is expected to increase by 596.5 million by 2045. China is having highest population with diabetes, with estimation of 140 million in 2021, can reach to 174 million by 2045. India and China have greatest population number suffering with diabetes.

Various treatment options are available for the treatment of diabetes including oral medications and insulin therapy. Several key players manufacturing the therapeutics for diabetes include Biocon Limited, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Sanofi, Eli Lilly and Company, Johnson & Johnson Private Limited, Abbott India Limited, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Lupin Limited, Merck Limited, Cadila Healthcare Limited, Merck & Co., Inc. (U.S.), AstraZeneca (U.K.), Bayer AG (Germany).

This review discusses key aspects of the prevalence and incidence of diabetes, it also examines factors known to modify risk, including demographic and environmental influences. Understanding the global epidemiology of diabetes is essential for effective prevention and management strategies for affected patients.

Diabetes Demographic and Environmental Risk Factors:

Age and sex: Global prevalence of diabetes in adults of 20 to 79 years age in 2021 was seen to be 10.5%, 10.8% in men and 10.2% in women. Highest prevalence was observed in 75 to 79 years of age with 24.0%, prevalence was greater seen in men than women in age of 25 to 69 years. It is estimated that there will be increase in prevalence of diabetes adults in middle income countries by 200 million in between years 2021 to 2045.

Ethnicity: Diabetes affects disproportionately in minority populations in USA, 13 % general adults suffer with diabetes, and higher rates disproportionately for diabetes were found in American Indians/Alaska Natives (14.7%), Hispanics with 12.5%, non-Hispanic Black with 11.7%, and less rates observed in non-Hispanic Asians (9.2%) and non-Hispanic whites were seen with 7.5%.

Risk Factors causing diabetes:

Factors which contribute to causing diabetes type 2 include urbanization, ageing population, decreasing levels of physical activity, increase in weight and obesity prevalence, family history of diabetes, have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Women ever had gestational diabetes during pregnancy over delivered baby having weight over 9 pounds.

Diabetes Market Scope:

Drivers: Rising prevalence of diabetes across the globe, advancement in drug discovery and development, growing awareness and diagnosis rates, government support and reimbursement policies, rise in lifestyle diseases which can cause diabetes like obesity are some of the major factors which are driving the growth of the diabetes therapeutics market.

Restraints: Increasing preference to non-invasive treatment option, high cost of medication, side effects and safety concerns, limited access in developing countries, alternative treatment preferences like lifestyle modifications or moving to herbal treatments can reduce dependency on medications, these are few major factors which can hinder the growth of diabetes therapeutics market.