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US Human Vaccines Market

ID: MRFR/Pharma/14106-HCR
100 Pages
Rahul Gotadki
October 2025

US Human Vaccines Market Research Report By Vaccine Type (Inactivated, Live Attenuated, Subunit, Recombinant, Toxoid), By Application (Preventive Vaccines, Therapeutic Vaccines, Travel Vaccines, Influenza Vaccines), By Administration Route (Intramuscular, Subcutaneous, Oral, Intradermal) and By Target Diseases (Infectious Diseases, Oncological Diseases, Autoimmune Diseases) - Forecast to 2035

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US Human Vaccines Market Summary

As per analysis, the US human vaccines market size was estimated at 151.52 USD Million in 2024.. The US human vaccines market is projected to grow from 160.02 USD Million in 2025 to 276.25 USD Million by 2035, exhibiting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.61% during the forecast period 2025 - 2035.

Key Market Trends & Highlights

The US human vaccines market is experiencing robust growth driven by technological advancements and increased public health awareness.

  • Technological advancements in vaccine development are enhancing efficacy and safety profiles.
  • the largest segment in the US human vaccines market is pediatric vaccines, while the fastest-growing segment is adult vaccines..
  • Increased public awareness regarding preventive healthcare is driving demand for vaccinations across various demographics.
  • Rising incidence of infectious diseases and government initiatives and funding are key drivers propelling market growth.

Market Size & Forecast

2024 Market Size 151.52 (USD Million)
2035 Market Size 276.25 (USD Million)

Major Players

Pfizer (US), Moderna (US), AstraZeneca (GB), Johnson & Johnson (US), Sanofi (FR), GlaxoSmithKline (GB), Merck & Co. (US), Novavax (US), Bharat Biotech (IN)

US Human Vaccines Market Trends

the human vaccines market is currently undergoing significant changes, driven by advancements in technology and an increasing emphasis on preventive healthcare.. The ongoing development of novel vaccine platforms, such as mRNA technology, appears to be reshaping the landscape, offering enhanced efficacy and safety profiles. Furthermore, the growing awareness of vaccine-preventable diseases among the population is likely to bolster demand, as individuals seek to protect themselves and their communities. This trend is further supported by public health initiatives aimed at increasing vaccination rates, which may lead to a more robust market environment. In addition, the human vaccines market is witnessing a shift towards personalized medicine, where vaccines are tailored to individual genetic profiles. This approach could potentially improve vaccine responses and reduce adverse effects, thereby increasing public trust in vaccination programs. Moreover, the collaboration between public and private sectors in vaccine research and distribution is expected to enhance accessibility and affordability, making vaccines more available to diverse populations. As these trends unfold, the human vaccines market is poised for significant growth, reflecting a commitment to health and well-being across the nation.

Technological Advancements

Recent innovations in vaccine development, particularly mRNA technology, are transforming the human vaccines market. These advancements promise improved efficacy and safety, potentially leading to higher vaccination rates.

Increased Public Awareness

There is a noticeable rise in public awareness regarding vaccine-preventable diseases. This heightened consciousness is likely to drive demand for vaccines, as individuals prioritize their health and community safety.

Personalized Vaccination Approaches

The trend towards personalized medicine is gaining traction, with vaccines being tailored to individual genetic profiles. This could enhance vaccine effectiveness and foster greater public confidence in vaccination.

US Human Vaccines Market Drivers

Rising Public Health Awareness

Rising public health awareness is a key driver of the human vaccines market. Educational campaigns and community outreach programs have significantly increased knowledge about the benefits of vaccination. The CDC and various health organizations have been actively promoting vaccination as a critical tool for disease prevention. Surveys indicate that public confidence in vaccines has improved, with over 80% of adults recognizing the importance of immunization. This heightened awareness is likely to translate into higher vaccination rates, thereby expanding the human vaccines market. As of 2025, the market is projected to grow by 5% annually, driven by this increasing public engagement and understanding of vaccine efficacy.

Advancements in Vaccine Technology

Advancements in vaccine technology are significantly influencing the human vaccines market. Innovations such as mRNA technology and viral vector platforms have revolutionized vaccine development, allowing for faster and more effective responses to emerging infectious diseases. The introduction of mRNA vaccines has demonstrated a remarkable efficacy rate of over 90% in clinical trials, which has encouraged further investment in research and development. As of 2025, market is projected to reach $40 billion, with a notable increase in the number of vaccines entering the pipeline.. These technological advancements not only enhance vaccine efficacy but also improve safety profiles, thereby fostering public trust and acceptance of vaccinations.

Government Initiatives and Funding

Government initiatives play a crucial role in shaping the human vaccines market. The US government has allocated substantial funding for vaccine research and development, particularly in response to emerging health threats. For instance, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the CDC have launched programs aimed at accelerating vaccine innovation. In 2024, federal funding for vaccine programs reached $5 billion, reflecting a commitment to enhancing public health infrastructure. These initiatives not only support the development of new vaccines but also facilitate access to existing vaccines, thereby increasing overall vaccination rates. As a result, the human vaccines market is likely to expand, driven by these supportive policies and funding mechanisms.

Rising Incidence of Infectious Diseases

human vaccines market is experiencing growth due to rising incidence of infectious diseases in the US.. Reports indicate that vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles and pertussis, have seen a resurgence, prompting public health initiatives to increase vaccination rates. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasizes the importance of vaccination in controlling outbreaks, which has led to increased funding for vaccine development and distribution. In 2023, the market was valued at approximately $30 billion, with projections suggesting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6% through 2030. This trend indicates a robust demand for vaccines, as healthcare providers and policymakers prioritize immunization to safeguard public health.

Increased Focus on Preventive Healthcare

human vaccines market is benefiting from increased focus on preventive healthcare in the US.. As healthcare systems shift towards value-based care, there is a growing recognition of the importance of vaccination in preventing diseases and reducing healthcare costs. Preventive measures, including vaccinations, are seen as essential components of public health strategies. In 2025, it is estimated that preventive healthcare spending will account for approximately 15% of total healthcare expenditures, highlighting the financial incentives for vaccination programs. This shift in focus is likely to drive demand for vaccines, as both healthcare providers and patients prioritize preventive measures to enhance overall health outcomes.

Market Segment Insights

By Type: Inactivated (Largest) vs. Live Attenuated (Fastest-Growing)

In the US human vaccines market, the market share distribution among different types of vaccines reveals that inactivated vaccines hold the largest portion, favored for their effectiveness and safety profile. Live attenuated vaccines, while not the largest, are experiencing rapid growth due to increasing demand for more robust immune responses and the ability to provide long-lasting protection. Other types, such as subunit, recombinant, and toxoid vaccines, although important, occupy smaller market shares in comparison. Growth trends indicate a significant advance in live attenuated vaccines as new technologies enhance their safety and efficacy. Factors behind this emergence include increased public awareness, favorable governmental policies supporting vaccination programs, and ongoing research and development activities. The continuing evolution of health threats further propels the demand for innovative vaccine solutions, driving overall market growth.

Inactivated (Dominant) vs. Live Attenuated (Emerging)

Inactivated vaccines are characterized by their non-replicating pathogens, making them safer for a broader range of populations, including the immunocompromised. This dominance is supported by widespread use in various immunization schedules, enhancing public trust and compliance. Conversely, live attenuated vaccines are emerging as a preferred choice in specific scenarios, particularly where stronger immune responses are vital. They utilize weakened forms of the pathogen, leading to strong and lasting immunity, which is becoming increasingly relevant in the current landscape of rapid virus mutations. Both types are critical in ensuring healthcare systems effectively manage infectious disease outbreaks and maintain population health.

By Application: Preventive Vaccines (Largest) vs. Therapeutic Vaccines (Fastest-Growing)

The US human vaccines market is characterized by a diverse range of applications, with preventive vaccines holding the largest share. This segment is widely recognized for immunizing against various diseases, thus contributing significantly to public health. Following closely are therapeutic vaccines, which, despite their smaller market share, exhibit rapid growth due to increasing investments in chronic disease management and cancer treatment. In recent years, the growth of preventive vaccines has been driven by heightened awareness of vaccination benefits and government initiatives promoting immunization programs. Conversely, the therapeutic vaccine segment is emerging as the fastest-growing due to advancements in technology and research, addressing unmet medical needs, such as cancer and other chronic conditions, thus attracting substantial funding and interest from major pharmaceutical companies.

Preventive Vaccines: Dominant vs. Therapeutic Vaccines: Emerging

Preventive vaccines remain dominant within the US human vaccines market, primarily focusing on immunization against infectious diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, and influenza. They not only safeguard individual health but also contribute to herd immunity, thereby ensuring public safety. Conversely, therapeutic vaccines are considered emerging solutions with the potential to treat diseases rather than prevent them. These vaccines target existing conditions, particularly in oncology and chronic illness areas, revealing significant promise but facing challenges related to clinical efficacy and acceptance in the medical community.

By Administration Route: Intramuscular (Largest) vs. Subcutaneous (Fastest-Growing)

In the US human vaccines market, the administration route segment is predominantly led by intramuscular injections, which occupy the largest share due to their widespread acceptance and efficacy. Subcutaneous injections are also significant and are gaining ground, appealing to patients for their ease of administration. Oral and intradermal routes are less commonly used but serve specific niches in the vaccination landscape. Growth trends indicate that subcutaneous vaccinations are becoming increasingly popular as new formulations and technologies enhance their reliability and patient comfort. Additionally, innovations aimed at reducing needle use and improving patient experience are driving interest in these alternative administration routes. Overall, the ongoing research and development efforts are expected to positively influence the dynamics of this segment in the coming years.

Intramuscular (Dominant) vs. Oral (Emerging)

Intramuscular injections are the dominant method for vaccine administration, favored for their ability to deliver vaccines quickly into the bloodstream, ensuring effective immune response. They are particularly utilized for a range of vaccines, from routine immunizations to emergency responses. On the other hand, oral vaccines represent an emerging area, appreciated for their ease of use and comfort, especially in pediatric populations. However, their development faces challenges such as stability and formulation issues, limiting their uptake relative to intramuscular options. As research progresses, oral vaccines could potentially redefine administration preferences if they address these hurdles effectively.

By Target Diseases: Infectious Diseases (Largest) vs. Oncological Diseases (Fastest-Growing)

In the US human vaccines market, the market share distribution is predominantly led by the infectious diseases segment, which holds the largest share due to widespread vaccination programs targeting various pathogens. This segment benefits from established networks and strong public health initiatives, resulting in high vaccination rates for diseases such as influenza, HPV, and measles. Meanwhile, the oncological diseases segment is emerging as the fastest-growing area of the market. This growth is driven by the increasing prevalence of cancer and advancements in vaccine technology. As research progresses and more oncology vaccines become available, this segment is expected to see significant expansion in adoption and market presence, reflecting a shift in focus toward preventative measures in cancer care.

Infectious Diseases (Dominant) vs. Oncological Diseases (Emerging)

Infectious diseases vaccines remain the dominant force in the US human vaccines market, characterized by a robust infrastructure and established public trust in vaccination programs. This segment encompasses vaccines for common and severe infections, playing a critical role in maintaining population health. Conversely, oncological diseases vaccines represent an emerging segment, focusing on a new frontier in preventive healthcare. The development of vaccines targeting specific types of cancer fuels growth in this area as more individuals and healthcare providers recognize the importance of preventative strategies. Both segments cater to distinct yet vital needs within the healthcare landscape, with infectious diseases taking precedence while oncological vaccines gain momentum.

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Key Players and Competitive Insights

The human vaccines market is characterized by a dynamic competitive landscape, driven by innovation, strategic partnerships, and a focus on addressing emerging health challenges. Key players such as Pfizer (US), Moderna (US), and Johnson & Johnson (US) are at the forefront, leveraging their extensive research capabilities and established market presence. Pfizer (US) has positioned itself as a leader in mRNA technology, while Moderna (US) continues to expand its portfolio beyond COVID-19 vaccines, focusing on personalized medicine and infectious diseases. Johnson & Johnson (US) emphasizes its single-dose vaccine approach, aiming to enhance accessibility and convenience, which collectively shapes a competitive environment that prioritizes rapid response to public health needs.

In terms of business tactics, companies are increasingly localizing manufacturing to enhance supply chain resilience and reduce lead times. The market structure appears moderately fragmented, with a mix of established pharmaceutical giants and emerging biotech firms. This fragmentation allows for diverse approaches to vaccine development and distribution, fostering competition that is not solely based on pricing but also on innovation and operational efficiency.

In October 2025, Pfizer (US) announced a strategic partnership with a leading biotechnology firm to co-develop a next-generation vaccine targeting multiple viral strains. This collaboration is expected to enhance Pfizer's capabilities in rapid vaccine development, potentially positioning the company to respond more effectively to future pandemics. The strategic importance of this partnership lies in its potential to streamline the vaccine development process and expand Pfizer's market share in the evolving landscape of infectious disease management.

In September 2025, Moderna (US) launched a new initiative aimed at integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into its vaccine research and development processes. This move is likely to accelerate the identification of vaccine candidates and optimize clinical trial designs, thereby enhancing the company's competitive edge. The integration of AI signifies a broader trend within the industry, where technology is increasingly leveraged to improve efficiency and outcomes in vaccine development.

In August 2025, Johnson & Johnson (US) expanded its manufacturing capabilities in the US by investing $200 million in a new facility dedicated to vaccine production. This investment underscores the company's commitment to ensuring a robust supply chain and meeting future demand for vaccines. The strategic importance of this expansion is multifaceted, as it not only enhances production capacity but also reinforces Johnson & Johnson's position as a reliable supplier in the market.

As of November 2025, current competitive trends indicate a strong emphasis on digitalization, sustainability, and the integration of advanced technologies such as AI in vaccine development. Strategic alliances are increasingly shaping the landscape, allowing companies to pool resources and expertise to tackle complex health challenges. Looking ahead, competitive differentiation is likely to evolve, with a shift from price-based competition to a focus on innovation, technological advancements, and supply chain reliability. This evolution suggests that companies that prioritize these aspects will be better positioned to thrive in the future.

Key Companies in the US Human Vaccines Market market include

Industry Developments

As of recent months, the US Human Vaccines Market has witnessed significant developments, particularly in response to ongoing global health challenges. In October 2023, Pfizer and Moderna reported increased production capabilities for their mRNA vaccines, focused on addressing proposed booster shots for emerging variants. Merck and Co has intensified its Research and Development efforts in vaccine therapeutics, focusing on collaborations with biotech firms to expedite vaccine innovation. AstraZeneca's vaccine collaboration with various health entities has led to expanding distribution networks in underserved populations across the United States.

In terms of mergers and acquisitions, in August 2023, Novavax completed its acquisition of a biotechnological firm specializing in vaccine delivery systems to enhance its product pipeline. There have also been reports of increased valuations for companies such as GlaxoSmithKline and Johnson and Johnson, fueled by enhanced funding for vaccine accessibility and newer product developments aimed at combating infectious diseases. The market growth has been positively impacted by regulatory support from US health agencies, stimulating demand for diverse vaccine options, as the country remains vigilant against potential influenza surges and new viral threats.

Overall, these activities signify a dynamic phase in the US Human Vaccines Market.

Future Outlook

US Human Vaccines Market Future Outlook

human vaccines market projected to grow at a 5.61% CAGR from 2024 to 2035., driven by technological advancements, increasing healthcare investments, and rising disease awareness.

New opportunities lie in:

  • Development of personalized vaccine solutions for high-risk populations.
  • Expansion of telehealth services for vaccine consultations and follow-ups.
  • Investment in automated vaccine storage and distribution systems.

By 2035, the human vaccines market is expected to achieve substantial growth and innovation.

Market Segmentation

US Human Vaccines Market Type Outlook

  • Inactivated
  • Live Attenuated
  • Subunit
  • Recombinant
  • Toxoid

US Human Vaccines Market Application Outlook

  • Preventive Vaccines
  • Therapeutic Vaccines
  • Travel Vaccines
  • Influenza Vaccines

US Human Vaccines Market Target Diseases Outlook

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncological Diseases
  • Autoimmune Diseases

US Human Vaccines Market Administration Route Outlook

  • Intramuscular
  • Subcutaneous
  • Oral
  • Intradermal

Report Scope

MARKET SIZE 2024151.52(USD Million)
MARKET SIZE 2025160.02(USD Million)
MARKET SIZE 2035276.25(USD Million)
COMPOUND ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (CAGR)5.61% (2024 - 2035)
REPORT COVERAGERevenue Forecast, Competitive Landscape, Growth Factors, and Trends
BASE YEAR2024
Market Forecast Period2025 - 2035
Historical Data2019 - 2024
Market Forecast UnitsUSD Million
Key Companies ProfiledPfizer (US), Moderna (US), AstraZeneca (GB), Johnson & Johnson (US), Sanofi (FR), GlaxoSmithKline (GB), Merck & Co. (US), Novavax (US), Bharat Biotech (IN)
Segments CoveredType, Application, Administration Route, Target Diseases
Key Market OpportunitiesAdvancements in mRNA technology enhance efficacy and speed of human vaccines development.
Key Market DynamicsRegulatory changes and technological advancements drive innovation and competition in the human vaccines market.
Countries CoveredUS

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FAQs

What is the projected market size of the US Human Vaccines Market by 2024?

The US Human Vaccines Market is expected to be valued at 10.5 billion USD in 2024.

What will the overall market value be in 2035?

By 2035, the overall market is anticipated to reach a value of 17.0 billion USD.

What is the expected CAGR for the US Human Vaccines Market from 2025 to 2035?

The anticipated CAGR for the US Human Vaccines Market from 2025 to 2035 is 4.478%.

Which vaccine type holds the largest share in the US Human Vaccines Market by 2024?

In 2024, the Inactivated vaccines segment is valued at 4.2 billion USD, making it the largest share in the market.

What will be the value of Live Attenuated vaccines in 2035?

The Live Attenuated vaccines segment is expected to reach 4.0 billion USD in 2035.

Who are the key players in the US Human Vaccines Market?

Major players in the market include Merck and Co, Pfizer, and Moderna among others.

What is the projected market size for Subunit vaccines in 2035?

The Subunit vaccines market is expected to be valued at 2.4 billion USD in 2035.

How much is the Recombinant vaccines segment expected to grow by 2035?

The Recombinant vaccines segment is projected to grow to 2.9 billion USD in 2035.

What are the growth drivers for the US Human Vaccines Market?

Key growth drivers include rising awareness of vaccination and advancements in vaccine technology.

How much is the Toxoid vaccines segment valued at in 2024?

The Toxoid vaccines segment is valued at 0.5 billion USD in 2024.

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